Saved by the Mouth

Resources

• Eke PI, Dye B, Wei L, Thornton-Evans G, Genco R, Prevalence of Periodontitis in Adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010, J Dent Res, Published online 30 August 2012:1–7, doi: 10.1177/0022034512457373.

• Lee J. Miller and Wei Lu, “These Are the World’s Healthiest Nations,” Bloomberg, February 24, 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-24/spain-tops-italy-as-world-s-healthiest-nation-while-u-s-slips

• “Life Expectancy in the U.S. Dropped for the Second Year in a Row in 2021,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, last reviewed August 31, 2022, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/pressroom/nchs_press_releases/2022/20220831.htm#:~:text=Life%20expectancy%20at%20birth%20in,its%20lowest%20level%20since%201996

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP),” last reviewed March 2, 2023, https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/index.htm.

• Bradley Bale, Amy Doneen, and Lisa Collier Cool. Beat the Heart Attack Gene: The Revolutionary Plan to Prevent Heart Disease, Stroke, and Diabetes (Nashville: Wiley, 2014).

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Adult BMI (Body Mass Index) Calculator,” last reviewed November 3, 2020, https://www.cdc.gov/widgets/healthyliving/index.html#bmicalculator.

• Mohammed S. Ellulu et al., “Obesity and Inflammation: The Linking Mechanism and the Complications,” Archives of Medical Science 13, no. 4 (2017): 851–863, https://doi.org/10.5114/aoms.2016.58928.

• “Health Expenditures,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, last reviewed February 23, 2023, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/health-expenditures.htm.

• Marjorie K. Jeffcoat, et al., “Impact of Periodontal Therapy on General Health: Evidence from Insurance Data for Five Systemic Conditions,” American Jorunal of Preventative Medicine, June 18, 2014, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.001.

• Stephen M. Rappaport, “Genetic Factors Are Not the Major Causes of Chronic Diseases,” PLoS ONE 11, no. 4 (2016): e0154387, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154387.

• National Safety Council, “Odds of Dying,” NSC Injury Facts, accessed December 14, 2022, https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/all-injuries/preventable-death-overview/odds-of-dying.

• Stephen S. Dominy et al., “Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer’s Disease Brains: Evidence for Disease Causation and Treatment with Small-Molecule Inhibitors,” Science Advances 5, no. 1 (January 2019): eaau3333, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3333.

• Peter B. Lockhart, et al., “Bacteremia Associated With Toothbrushing and Dental Extraction,” Circulation 117, no. 24 (June 9, 2008): 3118–3125, https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.758524

• Bradley Field Bale, Amy Lynn Doneen, and David John Vigerust, “High-Risk Periodontal Pathogens Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis,” Postgraduate Medical Journal 93, no. 1098 (April 2017): 215–220, https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2016-134279.

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “National Diabetes Statistic Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States,” last reviewed June 29, 2022, https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics-report/index.html

• David A. Albert et al., “Diabetes and Oral Disease: Implications for Health Professionals,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1255, no. 1 Annals Meeting Reports (March 2012): 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06460.x

• Nitin Singh et al., “Inflammation and Cancer,” Annals of African Medicine 18, no. 3 (2019): 121–126,https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_56_18.

• Umea University, “One More Reason to Swear Off Tobacco: The Inflammatory Trap Induced by Nicotine, ”Science Daily, news release, September 1, 2016, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/09/160901124842.htm

• H. Joe Wang, Samir Zakhari, and M. Katherine Jung, “Alcohol, Inflammation, and Gut-Liver-Brain Interactions in Tissue Damage and Disease Development,” World Journal of Gastroenterology 16, no. 11 (2010): 1304–1313, https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v16.i11.1304.

• Carole Fakhry, Maura L. Gillison, and Gypsyamber D’Souza, “Tobacco Use and Oral HPV-16 Infection,” JAMA 312, no. 14 (2014): 1465–1467, https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2014.13183.

• American Cancer Society, “Key Statistics for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancers,” last revised January 18, 2023, https://www.cancer.org/cancer/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/about/keystatistics.html

• Yadira Galindo, “How Marijuana Accelerates Growth of HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer Identified,” UC San Diego Health, news release, January 13, 2020, https://health.ucsd.edu/news/releases/Pages/2020-01-13-how-marijuana-accelerates-growth-of-hpv-related-head-and-neck-cancer-identified.aspx

• Dominique S. Michaud et al., “A Prospective Study of Periodontal Disease and Pancreatic Cancer in US Male Health Professionals,” Journal of the National Cancer Institute 99, no. 2 (January 2007): 171–175, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djk021

• Pancreatic Cancer Action Network, “Pancreatic Cancer Facts 2016,” February 2016, https://www.pancan.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/2016-GAA-PC-Facts.pdf.

• Cancer.Net, “Pancreatic Cancer: Statistics,” February 2022, https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/statistics.

• “Bacteria in Mouth May Diagnose Pancreatic Cancer,” Science Daily, May 18, 2014, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/05/140518164419.htm

• Chun-Hui Sun et al., “The Role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in Colorectal Cancer: From Carcinogenesis to Clinical Management,” Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 5, no. 3 (2019): 178–187, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdtm.2019.09.001

• Jiao Wu, Qing Li, and Xiangsheng Fu, “Fusobacterium nucleatum Contributes to the Carcinogenesis of Colorectal Cancer by Inducing Inflammation and Suppressing Host Immunity,” Translational Oncology 12, no. 6 (June 2019): 846–851, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2019.03.003

• Jii Bum Lee et al., “Association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and Patient Prognosis in Metastatic Colon Cancer,” Scientific Reports 11 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98941-6

• Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, “Gum Disease Associated with Higher Gastrointestinal, Colon Cancer Risk,” news release, July 31, 2020, https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/gum-disease-gastrointestinal-cancer-risk

• Jing-yuan Fang, “Study of Oral Metronidazole on Postoperative Chemotherapy in Colorectal Cancer,” clinical trial, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04264676, last updated November 25, 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04264676

• Baoli Zhu, Xin Wang, and Lanjuan Li, “Human Gut Microbiome: The Second Genome of Human Body,” Protein & Cell 1, no. 8 (August 2010): 718–725, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-010-0093-z

• G. B. Rogers et al., “From Gut Dysbiosis to Altered Brain Function and Mental Illness: Mechanisms and Pathways,” Molecular Psychology 21 (2016): 738–748, https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.50

• N. A. Koloski, M. Jones, and N. J. Talley, “Evidence That Independent Gut-to-Brain and Brain-to-Gut Pathways Operate in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Dyspepsia: A 1-Year Population-Based Prospective Study,” Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 44, no. 6 (September 2016): 592–600, https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13738

• Koji Atarashi et al., “Ectopic Colonization of Oral Bacteria in the Intestine Drives TH1 Cell Induction and Inflammation,” Science 358, no. 6361 (2017): 359–365, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan4526.

• Carol Torgan, “Gut Microbes Linked to Rheumatoid Arthritis,” NIH Research Matters, National Institutes of Health, November 25, 2013, https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/gut-microbes-linked-rheumatoid-arthritis

• ASN Staff, “Most Americans Are Not Getting Enough Fiber in Our Diets,” American Society for Nutrition, June 9, 2021, https://nutrition.org/most-americans-are-not-getting-enough-fiber-in-our-diets.

• Hanna Hanssen, “Gum Disease Can Increase the Time It Takes to Become Pregnant,” PR Web, press release, July 5, 2011, https://www.prweb.com/releases/2011/7/prweb8618711.htm.

• M. Cenk Haytac, Turan Cetin, and Gulash Seydaoglu, “The Effects of Ovulation Induction during Infertility Treatment on Gingival Inflammation,” Journal of Periodontology 75, no. 6 (June 2004): 805–810, https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2004.75.6.805

• Susanna Paju et al., “Porphyromonas gingivalis May Interfere with Conception in Women,” Journal of Oral Microbiology 9, no. 1 (2017), https://doi.org/10.1080/20002297.2017.1330644.

• Shahryar K. Kavoussi et al., “Periodontal Disease and Endometriosis: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,” Fertility and Sterility 91, no. 2 (February 2009): 335–342, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.12.075

• Allison McKinnon et al., “A Case of Adolescent Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Caused by a Rare Bacterium: Fusobacterium nucleatum,” Journal of Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecology 26, no. 6 (December 2013): e113–e115, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2013.02.008.

• Emily Brockette, “Infertility and Inflammation: The Potential Connection to Periodontal Disease,” Dentistry IQ, May 21, 2018, www.dentistryiq.com/dental-hygiene/student-hygiene/article/16367898/infertility-and-inflammation-the-potential-connection-to-periodontal-disease

• Mayo Clinic, “Premature Birth: Symptoms and Causes,” accessed April 25, 2023, https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premature-birth/symptoms-causes/syc-20376730

• Rajiv Saini, Santosh Saini, and Sugandha R. Saini, “Periodontitis: A Risk for Delivery of Premature Labor and Low-Birth-Weight Infants,” Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine 1, no. 1 (July 2012): 40-2, doi:10.4103/0976-9668.71672.

• Nikolaos P. Polyzos, et al., “Effect of Periodontal Disease Treatment during Pregnancy on Preterm Birth Incidence: A Metaanalysis of Randomized Trials,” AJOG 200, no. 3 (March 2009): 225–232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.020

• Piaopiao Chen, Feiruo Hong, and Xuefen Yu, “Prevalence of Periodontal Disease in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,” Journal of Dentistry 125, (October 2022): 104253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104253.

• Marjorie K. Jeffcoat et al., “Periodontal Infection and Preterm Birth: Results of a Prospective Study,”Journal of the American Dental Association 132, no. 7 (July 2001): 875–880, https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2001.0299

• “Dental Care and Pregnancy” WebMD, March 4, 2022, https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/dental-care-pregnancy#:~:text=Don’t%20let%20the%20word,who%20also%20have%20pregnancy%20gingivitis.

• Rajiv Saini, Santosh Saini, and Sugandha R. Saini, “Periodontitis: A Risk for Delivery of Premature Labor and Low Birth Weight Infants,” Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine 2, no. 1 (January 2011): 50–52, https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-9668.71672.

• Marjorie K. Jeffcoat et al., “Impact of Periodontal Therapy on General Health: Evidence from Insurance Data for Five Systemic Conditions,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 47, no. 2 (August 2014): 166–174, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.001.

• Medoville Inc. Medical Supplies, “The Dangers of Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” blog post, January 28, 2019, https://medoville.com/the-dangers-of-obstructive-sleep-apnea/.

• Jaclyn Trop, “Drowsy Driving: Worse than Drunk Driving?” US News and World Report, December 15, 2016, https://cars.usnews.com/cars-trucks/advice/best-cars-blog/2016/12/drowsy-driving-worse-than-drunk-driving.

• Sushmita Pamidi and Esra Tasali, “Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Type 2 Diabetes: Is There a Link?,” Frontiers in Neurology 3 (August 2012): 126, https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2012.00126.

• Sleep Center of Middle Tennessee, “GERD and Sleep Apnea: Treating OSA Helps Reduce Nighttime Reflux,” Sleep Center of Middle Tennessee (blog), last updated October 25, 2022, https://sleepcenterinfo.com/blog/connection-gerd-sleep-apnea/.

• David Repasky, “Why CPAP Compliance Is Important & Tips on Improving Your Therapy,” CPAP Blog, May 4, 2023, https://www.cpap.com/blog/cpap-compliance/#:~:text=If%20you%20have%20trouble%20maintaining,they%20stop%20using%20it%20altogether.

• “Do You Have the Heart Attack Gene?” BaleDoneen Method, accessed May 19, 2023, https://baledoneen.com/blog/do-you-have-the-heart-attack-gene/#.

• Nicholas J. Justice, “The Relationship between Stress and Alzheimer’s Disease,” Neurobiology of Stress 8 (February 2018): 127–133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.04.002.

• Stephen S. Dominy et al., “Porphyromonas gingivalis in Alzheimer’s Disease Brains: Evidence for Disease Causation and Treatment with Small-Molecule Inhibitors,” Science Advances 5, no. 1 (January 2019): eaau3333, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3333.

• Debora Mackenzie, “We May Finally Know What Causes Alzheimer’s—And How to Stop It,” New Scientist, last updated January 30, 2019, https://www.newscientist.com/article/2191814-we-may-finally-know-what-causes-alzheimers-and-how-to-stop-it/.

• Andrea Sturchio et al., “High Soluble Amyloid-s42 Predicts Normal Cognition in Amyloid-Positive Individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease-Causing Mutations,” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 90, no. 1 (2022): 333–348, https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-220808.

• Hongle Wu et al., “The Periodontal Pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum Exacerbates Alzheimer’s Pathogenesis via Specific Pathways,” Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience 14 (2022), https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.912709.

• “More recently, a study by Bae et al. using National Health Insurance Service data in Korea analyzed 229,594 individuals aged ≥ 50 years. Patients with HZ had a higher risk of dementia (adjusted HR, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.05–1.19). Of the 34,505 patients with HZ, 28,873 (84%) had received antiviral treatment (acyclovir, famciclovir, or valaciclovir). The treated group showed a significantly lower risk of dementia (HR 0.76, 95% CI, 0.65–0.90).” Ruth F. Itzhaki, “Overwhelming Evidence for a Major Role for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV1) in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD); Underwhelming Evidence Against,” Vaccines 9, no. 6 (2021): 679, https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060679.

• May A. Beydoun et al., “Clinical and Bacterial Markers of Periodontitis and Their Association with Incident All-Cause and Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia in a Large National Survey,” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 75, no. 1 (2020): 157–172, https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200064.

• Anne O. Rice, “Alzheimer’s Disease and Oral-Systemic Health: Bidirectional Care Integration Improving Outcomes,” Frontiers in Oral Health 2 (2021): 674329, https://doi.org/10.3389/froh.2021.674329.

• Kiyotaro Kondo, Minehisa Niino, and Koichi Shido, “A Case-Control Study of Alzheimer’s Disease in Japan—Significance of Life-Styles,” Dementia 5 (1994): 314–326, https://doi.org/10.1159/000106741.

• Xiang Qi et al., “Dose-Response Meta-Analysis on Tooth Loss with the Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia,” JAMDA 22, no. 10 (October 2021): 2039–2045, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2021.05.009.

• Toshinobu Hirotomi et al., “Number of Teeth and 5-Year Mortality in an Elderly Population,” Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 43, no. 3 (January 2015): 226–231, https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12146.

• Matej Skocaj et al., “Titanium Dioxide in Our Everyday Life; Is It Safe?” Radiology and Oncology 45, no. 4 (December 2011): 227–247, https://doi.org/10.2478/v10019-011-0037-0.

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Achievements in Public Health 1900–1999: Fluoridation of Drinking Water to Prevent Dental Caries,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 48, no. 41 (October 1999): 933–940, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4841a1.htm.

• NASA, “Bones in Space,” August 19, 2004, https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/postsecondary/features/F_Bones_in_Space.html.

• Vinicius Pedrazzi et al., “Tongue-Cleaning Methods: A Comparative Clinical Trial Employing a Toothbrush and a Tongue Scraper,” Journal of Periodontology 75, no. 7 (July 2004): 1009–1012, https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2004.75.7.1009.

• Jorn A. Aas et al., “Defining the Normal Bacterial Flora of the Oral Cavity,” Journal of Clinical Microbiology 43, no. 11 (November 2005): 5721–5732, https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.43.11.5721-5732.2005.

• Trasey D. Falcone, Scott S. W. Kim, and Megan H. Cortazzo, “Vitamin K: Fracture Prevention and Beyond,” PM&R 3, no. 6S (2011): S82–87, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.04.008.

• Yukako Kojima et al., “Combining Prebiotics and Probiotics to Develop Novel Synbiotics that Suppress Oral Pathogens,” Journal of Oral Biosciences 58, no. 1 (February 2016): 27–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.job.2015.08.004.

• Kristen E. Riley and Crystal L. Park, “How Does Yoga Reduce Stress? A Systematic Review of Mechanisms of Change and Guide to Future Inquiry,” Health Psychology Review 9, no. 3 (2015): 379–396, https://doi.org/10.1080/17437199.2014.981778

• Mahesh Narain Tripathi, Sony Kumari, and Tikhe Sham Ganpat, “Psychophysiological Effects of Yoga on Stress in College Students,” Journal of Education and Health Promotion 7, no. 43 (2018): 43, https://www.jehp.net/article.asp?issn=2277-9531;year=2018;volume=7;issue=1;spage=43;epage=43;aulast=Tripathi;type=0.

• “How Sleep Deprivation Can Cause Inflammation,” Harvard Health Publishing, Harvard Medical School, January 11, 2022, https://www.health.harvard.edu/sleep/how-sleep-deprivation-can-cause-inflammation.

• Faith S. Luyster, Daniel J. Buysse, and Patrick J. Strollo, Jr., “Comorbid Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Challenges for Clinical Practice and Research,” Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 6, no. 2 (2010): 196–204, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20411700/.

• Johns Hopkins Medicine, “Obstructive Sleep Apnea,” accessed April 25, 2023, https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/obstructive-sleep-apnea.

• Barry Krakow, Victor A. Ulibarri, and Natalia D. McIver, “Pharmacotherapeutic Failure in a Large Cohort of Patients with Insomnia Presenting to a Sleep Medicine Center and Laboratory: Subjective Pretest Predictions and Objective Diagnoses,” Mayo Clinic Proceedings 89, no. 12 (December 2014): 1608–1620, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.04.032.

• Dan Kopf, “Americans Spend Two Hours Less a Month on Shopping than They Did 15 Years Ago,” Quartz, July 31, 2019, https://qz.com/1677747/americans-are-spending-way-less-time-shoppingl.

• Vivenca Wallin Bengtsson et al., “Periodontitis Related to Cardiovascular Events and Mortality: A Long- Time Longitudinal Study,” Clinical Oral Investigations 25 (2021): 4085–4095, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03739-x.

• “Gum Disease Linked to COVID-19 Complications,” BDJ Team 8, no. 5 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41407-021-0604-1.

• Salim S. Virani et al., “Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report from the American Heart Association,” Circulation 141, no. 9 (2020): e139–e596, https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000757.

• University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, “The Value of Preventative Oral Health Care,” November 2, 2016, https://dentistry.uic.edu/news-stories/the-value-of-preventive-oral-health-care/.